李殉‘2周存宇‘2田春元3阮晶2费永俊‘邱东茹,x,
芽抱杆菌属(Bacillus)细菌及少数其他细菌可产生多聚_Y一谷氨酸(Poly-y-glutamic acids,缩写为y-PGA )，这
是一类可溶、能降解、有多种用途的生物高分子材料，这种高分子物质还参与某些细菌的荚膜形成PGA合成酶复合
体与细胞质膜相连，在枯草芽抱杆菌(包括纳豆菌)和炭疽菌中分别由pgsBCAE和capBCAD}‘基因簇编码在枯草芽抱
杆菌中pgsBCAE的表达和y-PGA生物合成受到群体感应(Quorum sensing)系统及其它信号转导途径构成的复杂网络
所调控，与细菌芽抱形成、自然感受态诱导、次生代谢物质合成和群聚运动等重要过程相互关联，共同对芽抱杆菌的
环境适应和生存发挥着关键的作用木文总结和评述了芽抱杆菌y-PGA生物合成及相关调控机制研究的新进展，特别
是信号转导网络中两个小分子多肤DegQ和SwrA的功能这两个小分子介导群体感应系统和DegS-DegU二组分系统之
间的相互作用，共同调控y-PGA的生物合成对PGA合成调控机制的了解可为y-PGA-,0}产工程菌株的构建和生产工艺设
计等提供参考图3参48
多聚_Y一谷氨酸;芽抱杆菌;群体感应;双组份调节系统;群聚运动
CLC Q936 : Q939.97
Biosynthesis of Poly-y=gluts
Bacillus subtilis*
】刀K
Acids and Relevant Regulatory Networks in
LI Xun' -, ZHOU Cunyu' -, TIAN Chunyuan;, RUAN Jing=, FEI Yongjun'&QIU Dongru=
(iCollege ofHortrcirltirre and Gardening, Z-angt}e L'n。二二h'. Jinezlion 43402. Cliina)
(Zlnstrtirte ofHrdrobrologt; Chmese_Academr ofScrences. U'nlian 430072. Cliina)
f Qo77ege qtLlf} lqorenoew and Teo7mology, Hirber Lb;二二二t!' RfT'ngm。二·nv,} ZiaoVan. a3200. ('hina)
The poly-y-glutamic acids (y-PGA), a group of biocompatible, biodegradable and soluble macromolecular
biopolymers of multiple uses in food, cosmetics, medicine and environmental protection, are synthesized by Bacillus species
and a few other Gram-positive bacteria. PGA is also the main component of capsules of certain bacteria such as B. anthracis
The PGA synthetase complex is cytomembrane-associated and encoded by the gene cluster of pgsBCAE in B. subtilis and
capBCAE in B. anthracis, respectively. In B. subtilis, the transcription of pgsBCAE and biosynthesis of PGA are regulated by
the quorum sensing systems and other regulators which form a complex regulatory network. The cellular processes of PGA
biosynthesis, natural competence, synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites, sporulation, and swarming are interconnected
and together play a central role in the bacterial adaptation to environmental changes and survival. This review introduced the
progress in the study of PGA biosynthesis and relevant signal transduction and regulatory pathways, focusing on the cellular
functions of two small regulatory polypeptides, DegQ and SwrA. The two small peptides mediate the interactions between
the quorum sensing systems and the DegS-DegU two-component system, which directly controls the biosynthesis of PGA
Some insights are provided for the applications such as development of high yield strains and fermentation strategies for PGA
production. Fig 3, Ref 48
poly-y-glutamic acids; Bacillus subtilis; quorum sensing; two-component regulatory system; swarming
CLC Q936 : Q939.97
